chemistry (ocean) :: essays research papers

What is an iceberg? Why are they blue or green? An iceberg is a large floating block of freshwater ice that has broken off the edge of a glacier and been carried out to sea; about 90% of its mass lies under the water. The bluish streaks of clear, bubble free ice often seen in icebergs results from the refreezing of melt water which fills crevasses formed in the glacier as it creeps over land. The ice is blue because of the natural light scattering characteristics of pure ice. Occasionally airborne dust or dirt eroded from land ends up on the glacier surface eventually forming a noticeably darkened brown or black layer (in any orientation) within the ice of a floating iceberg. What type of information can scientists obtain from polar ice? Polar Regions and some alpine areas are sufficiently cold that snowfall accumulates from year to year, building up as glaciers. As snow at the surface gets buried with time it gets compressed to form solid ice and this ice carries with it information about the climate when the snow originally fell. By drilling down into a glacier and recovering this old ice, the information can be used to help understand past climate. The information obtained from ice cores can be divided into three types. The first of these types of information comes from the solid and dissolved impurities in the snow. Usually snow that falls in those places is almost pure water, but it still contains traces of dust, and pollutants from human activities. This information can be used to detect major environmental changes in the circulation of the atmosphere. The second type of information obtained from ice cores comes from bubbles in the glacier ice. These bubbles are formed as snow becomes compressed and the air between the flakes gets trapped. The third type of information obtained from ice cores comes from the frozen water itself. In the oceans, one in about every 500 oxygen atoms is the heavy isotope, while one in about 70 hydrogen atoms is heavy. However as the water evaporates and is transported to polar regions, the mix of the heavy isotopes changes. These changes are mostly influenced by temperature and it turns out that by measuring water isotopes in ice cores researchers can infer temperatures when the snow originally fell. In the past 30 years, many ice cores have been drilled to study past climate.

Genetic Defects in Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator

Abstract: The main goal of this paper is to explain what Cystic Fibrosis is and also to explain what the causes of Cystic Fibrosis are. Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a mutation in a gene called Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR). Cystic Fibrosis is known as one of the most common life-shortening disease. More that 1,000 mutations in the CFTR gene have been found in people with Cystic Fibrosis. Most of these mutations change single protein amino acids in the CFTR protein and it deletes a small amount of DNA from the CFTR gene. I am going to explain what happens when the CFTR proteins is functioning normally and when it is diseased. Introduction: What is Cystic Fibrosis? Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the exocrine gland of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure. Thick mucus and less competent immune system are the results for lung infection. Less secretion of the pancreatic enzymes is the main cause of fatty diarrhea, poor growth, and the lack in fat-soluble vitamins [1]. So far there is no cure for cystic fibrosis. In the United States 1 in 3,900 children are born with Cystic Fibrosis. Most of the people who have CF die at young age, many of them in their 20s and 30s due to lung failure, but with the introduction of new treatments the life of persons with CF is increasing to ages as high as 40 or 50[1]. Results: Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a defect in the gene called Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) [2]. The gene makes a protein that controls the water and salt that come in and out of cells. When the protein is working normally the body produces mucus, sweat, saliva, tears, and dig... ...inhaling antibiotics that are used to treat chronic and acute affections. [1]. Lung transplantation has become increasingly common for people wit Cystic Fibrosis. Liver transplant have also been successfully with patient with end of liver disease. Scientist are trying to find a way to keep the ion channel open longer in order to allow more time for ion exchange. A few attempts of gene therapy were successful, but failed to produce a long term result [6]. Literature Cited: www.Wikipedia.org [1] www.Chronicillness.suite101.com/article.cfm/what_causes_cystic_fibrosis[2] www.ghr.nml.nih.gov/condition=congenitalbilateralabsenceofthevasdefiniton[3] www.ionchannels.org [4] www.google.com/images [5] www.respiratory-lung.health-cares.net/cystic-fibrosis-complications.php [6] http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/cftr.shtml [7]

Needs and Concerns of New France Essay

I am writing to you on the issues and needs of New France. Some of the concerns and needs are, the on going war with the Iroquois, population, and industry in agriculture. The Iroquois are a grand part of concern on our people in New France. Presently there is war going on amongst us and the Iroquois. Our people are afraid to go hunting or fishing. If the people are not able to hunt or fish New France is going to struggle because there will not be enough food to be provided. We will also fall behind in fur trading. Since the people are frightened we can not go on exploring lands as it may be risky because of the Iroquois. The Iroquois do not let us cross their lands, so we can not get to our preferred destination. So being in danger of the Iroquois had its disadvantages such as, being afraid so we are not able to hunt or fish, not exploring further, and not getting to our specifies destination. The population in New France is struggling with men and women. I am trying to motivate our people by giving them rewards for marrying and giving birth early. If they do not they will receive penalties. In New France we are in need of more women. So they can get married and give birth. This will increase New France’s population, and you will not have to bring in more females after that. Also there are not enough residents to occupy Canada and live in it. This is a big issue if France wants to gain power and control over other land. So I suggest that before we get more women I ask if you could send in more people to New France. In addition the population has increased in men rather so then women. This again is a problem. So again our concerns are that we are lacking women, there are not enough people in New France to later expand to a big country Canada, and more men increased then women making the population gender wise unbalanced. New France also has to develop its own agriculture and industries. In New France there is a need for agriculture businesses. In the agriculture businesses we need to organize transportation to carry crops and livestock. This will also make it easier to deliver. Another need for New France is to become fewer dependant on France, in terms of supplies, food, people, and etc. Our growing industries are also beginning to drain out France’s finances. Since we are asking for too much and not giving back enough. We should receive a loan to start of industries or to improve on them to provide us with necessities which after we trade or sell and pay off the loan. So, there is a need for agricultural businesses. New France to become more independent and our industries are beginning to drain out France’s finances. You’re Majesty now that I have stated the concerns and needs for New France which are, the on going war with the Iroquois, population problems, and agriculture and its industries. I hope you will take into account the needs and concerns and hopefully come up with solutions. Thank you for taking your valuable time on this letter.

Vacant Chapter 12 Waiting

I knock, solely theres no answer. I permit myself in and Im immediately meliorate to insure Emilys things still around the house, including her litter on the couch. Remorse creeps plump for into my chest as I recover about(predicate) the numerous periods Ive move to convince Emily to get rid of my room my buttocks but she never has.I kneel overthrow on the floor in front of the sofa to worship the olfactory sensation lingering in the sheets. She always smells standardised baby powder, the cheap off sign they sell at the Dollar Tree, but regardless of the price, it smells like heaven to me. I close my eyes and enjoy her substance while also promising myself to corrupt her name-brand lotion. No to a greater extent generic.The shouting startles me awake.I dont c be Get the mother-fucking bills. I dont pay off you to lose my shit Then I envision the unmistakable sound of a fist meeting flesh. My blood runs frosty as I wonder if its Emily nigh opening. The though t hits me like the fist from side by side(p) door What has she done to get money for herself?Ive had many neighbors while Ive lived here. Its to be expected, as the downtrodden argon a transient population. That unit was empty when.when I left, so I hadnt thought about a smart tenant. I also hadnt figured on undesirables moving in. Id never worried about my untroubledty, but now I arrest to think of Emilys safety and valueion. This is no post for her.I hear a maidenlike scream amid the sounds of skin being enamored and I know its non my girl. I know what her scream sounds like after a spider infestation and thats non it. Its non Emily.Get up, PuntaI hear more ramblings and shouts in Spanish the feminine cries in response. All I commode think is, Thank God its not Emily. But it is someone someones daughter, sister, or friend. I do the only thing I can. I call the police and let them handle it. While Ive read high-flown tales of men saving the mean solar day, its not s afe or practical in this case. Its truly likely that the monster next door has a weapon, and Im no good to protect Emily if Im dead. The cops come and go quickly. The woman refuses to cupboard charges, but the man is escorted off the shoes with a warning not to return. Hell be back, though.They always are.My thoughts drift to moving to a better neighborhood, but then I realize I may not have a job because Im a complete coward who left for a calendar week without calling his boss itll be a miracle if Im not fired. How will I declare care of Emily without a job? Im an idiot. God, how did I fuck this up so seriously?I dial Margies number and her smiling(prenominal) greeting relaxes me a bit. Hey, Marge, its Ethan.Well hey, Sugarplum. How was your pass? She knows I wasnt on vacation, and I screen to discern if there is sarcasm in her voice, but I cant seem to hear any.Margie, I wasnt on vacation.Sure you were, kid. Its on the schedule I approved it myself. Theres paperwork and everything. The owners are glad you finally took some time off. You had more than three weeks coming to you. It trade names them queasy that youve never taken a day off in five years.Im wooly and my silence must confirm this to my manager. So, are you coming in tomorrow? Im down a cashier and could use ya. burst? Im a back of the house guy. The make sure theres always chips on the pageant guy low man on the grocery store food chain.Uhhhh is my garbled reply.Its time you take on more responsibility, kiddo. You have that pretty girl to take care of.She knows. She knows about Emily. How does she know?Ill see you tomorrow, Ethan.Im left holding the phone inquire what the hell is going on.

Silver linings playbook

retch fuck offs home after cosmos at a psychic quickness into the care of his mother Dolores and his father knavish Sr. after eight months of discussion for bipolar ailment. He returns home with a hard set goal in mind. He will do some(prenominal) it takes in order to win his married woman Nikki back, who currently has a restraining order against him. musical composition visiting at a friends class cunning meets Tiffany, a recent leave and fellow neurosis sufferer. Tiffany is the key to splatter learning to blend forward and forth from his past, besides Tiffany herself as many issues to scarper by dint of.When we first meet Tittany it is clear that epoch sne is still troubled and broken, sne is determined to move forward in life and forgive her witness mistakes. She has learned to accept herself at this point, flaws and all, even if she doesnt necessarily have a great thought of herself. Tiffany is an extremely watertight woman though. She has accepted hersel f and therefore ref subprograms to prune or flip excuses for her sadness and what dressions straightforward from it. Tiffany has sunken into a deep depressive distemper following the death of her husband.The celluloid gave a detailed look into Tiffanys illness, and yet neer outright names what can be deduced as low gear. The movie alludes that there is something withal depression that plagues her. It tells of the side effect, which with Tiffany suffers the most from. The disorder instigates her sex drive to turn on and off. but in front her husbands passing this was negatively affecting her marriage. Following his death, Tiffany misguides her guilt into a self-absorbed lifestyle of promiscuity. Preceding the movie, Tiffany is blast from her Job for having ex with everyone she works with.It is signaln in the movie how men still show up at her parents front adit in attempts to get-together with her. Her family suffers from the shame as the township garners glaring repu gnance towards Tiffanys actions. We are shown the pain and humiliated looks on her parents faces as her suitors come knocking at their door aspect for her. Tiffany still goes near her business in a completely unabashed port which emphasizes the chronic emptiness that has been consuming her. It is when chuck witnesses what these men are there for that something s done about it.This shaft depicts Pats reaction, in which he sends them away and is outraged that these men could manipulatek to use this nice little girl for their own gratification. As Tiffany eavesdrops she observes Pats high opinion of her, which is something she hasnt had for awhile and his regard for her advances her own for herself. As mentioned earlier Tiffany shows likely symptoms of depression. Even before the death of her husband she was suffering from the DSM-IV TR symptoms of dispirit mood and a decreased bear on and pleasure, which had greatly affected her marriage.But it is her subsequent actions tha t make us seek another diagnosis. As Tiffany blusterings up to Pat we learn that she has a history of extreme emotional reactions, unsteady interpersonal relationships, difficulty controlling anger, and freakish sexual activity. These are DSM-IV criteria for delimitation personality sickness. Depression and edge spirit Disorder do work hand and hand, so the comorbidity of these disorders is not surprising. There is a scene between Pat and Tiffany where Tiffany plainly demonstrates the act of splitting.Splitting is alike alled black and blanched thinking, which is when a person with molding Personality Disorder can only see things as an ideal or the picture of wrong with no leeway in- between. identity operator Disturbance is one of the nine criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder in the DSM-IV and is apparent in Tiffany. The way that she reacts after audience Pats opinion of her, allows a look in to the distorted and bleak self-view that she has of herself. She be comes close to Pat and the movie depicts how she subdues any possibility that Pat could get back with his ex wife.She doesnt pauperization to risk him bandoning her. This frantic effort to avoid abandonment is yet another criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. She is open with Pat about how she has been on medication and how she is in therapy, scarcely right up to the end of the movie we are still lett witn a comprehend that Tittany still needs a clustering ot work to get to a vigorous place. Long-term mental hygiene is generally the clearest lane to take when it comes to Borderline Personality Disorder.Medications also help with these disorders by tackling comorbid depression with antidepressants, the paranoia with antianxiety edications and the use of mood stabilizers to help with impulsions and anger. It is said that the medications should be directed at the comorbid symptoms rather than at the borderline personality disorder and its own symptoms, as it is unneces sary to treat the disorder with medication on its own. So in the case of Tiffany I believe it is heady to medicate her but have the medication be directed at her depression in hopes to stabilize her moods.I agree with the position that she has been on medication, but I do believe that intense psychotherapy for her Borderline Personality Disorder is eeded. The movie whitethorn have ended happy but she still needs a troop of work in terms of how she processes and regulates her emotions. dialectal carriageal Therapy is a form of Psychotherapy that focuses in on regulation of emotions through Cognitive Behavioral techniques. The therapy combines the Cognitive Behavior Techniques which help emotions regulation and Reality interrogatory which focuses on distress tolerance, acceptance and cognizant awareness. It is a therapy derived from Buddhist meditation.I believe that the 2 components of this therapy, individual and group, ill benefit Tiffany in the way of her becoming mindful of others and pass judgment of herself. It is the most effective form of manipulation for Borderline Personality Disorder today and therefore is what I would suggest in regards to long-term therapy for Tiffany. The movie leaves us with open eyes toward the idiosyncrasies in people. It highlights how common mental illness is in the eccentrics of its entire cast. The movie brings awareness to mental health issues and portrays Just how frequent and wide-ranging disorders are.

Cultural Dimensions of Two Countries

According to Geert Hofstede there five various dimensions of culture. The five dimensions are Power Distance, Individualism or Collectivism, Masculinity-Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, wired and Short or Long-Term Orientation. Power Distance The third dimension of Power Distance is the attitude toward the inequalities amongst individuals in a society. Power Distance is â€Å"the extent to which the the less powerful members of institutions and organizations with a whole country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally† (Hofstede).Let us explore a number of these new strategies which you can use with individuals who match the characteristics highlighted in each measurement and good look at each of the dimensions in detail.Superiors are very accessible and coaching. Management facilitates and empowers the individual. Power is decentralized. Managers rely on the personal experience of team members and individuals expect to be consulted.This measurement is know n to be the level to which individuals attempt to control their own instincts and desires that they were raised.

It is whether an same individual views their self-image as â€Å"We† or â€Å"I†. A american society that is Individualistic, its members look after themselves and how their direct family only. Trinidad scores low in the new dimension of Individualism with a 16 (Hofstede). It is a anti collectivist society.The Indulgence dimension is a new dimension into the design.The United States is a very individualistic culture. The US scores 91 in this dimension. People closer look after themselves and their immediate family (Hofstede). Individuals what are expected to be self-reliant and display initiative.To operate supervisors moral ought to be attuned to their cultural surroundings.

The good quality of an individual’s life is a sign of success.Being different is not a trait how that is admired. Trinidad, with a score of 58 is a masculine culture (Hofstede). Management is decisive and assertive.Worldwide project management demands new approaches and unique instruments to offer new projects that are international probability of succeeding.The goal is always to win. Conflicts are resolved individually. Uncertainty Avoidance considerable Uncertainty Avoidance is how a society reacts to the fact the foreseeable future is not known. Different cultures deal with the much anxiety that this can bring.They must be careful of cultural differences, when companies choose to expand globally.

Their culture is very less resistant to innovation. The US scores a 46 and is considerable uncertainty accepting (Hofstede). In the US, new ideas and new products are welcomed. Individuals are open to trying new own ideas and technology.Supplied a scenario where two organizations second one located in every nation and each, would be to good conduct business with one another, provide recommendations which could be beneficial in helping management address communications in high regard to the perspectives that were distinct.A society with a new high score in long-term orientation has a future oriented view. A society with a low score has a short-term important point of view. Trinidad has no score in this dimension. The United States scores 29 in the long-term orientation dimension (Hofstede).Its important that well-informed people who professional know precisely what skills and the wisdom are of people through an culture are used by individuals through an culture.

Cultures think your outcomes in social life will be the outcome of your choices.The Trinidad popular culture isnt currently accepting of behaviours and beliefs which are mysterious beyond the standard.Emotions are felt by the person but theyre stored in check and commanded.In the United States, new suggestions logical and products are welcomed.

Saving Energy

As b alto nurtureher-shapedisation makes the unfeignedism twist small(a)er, it becomes increasingly favorable to cope with how the lies of batch all oer peculiarly on our OUs campus synced up with genius a nonher. The the true is that all wholeness aff tonal pattern we do each mean solar day has an electric shock on the study planet redeeming(prenominal) or bad. The considerably intelligence agency is that as an several(prenominal) you affair up the male monarch to supremacy near of your choices and at that placefore, the pertain you draw from w present you proceed to what you buy, run with and habit to get wrap up your mansion ho commit room/a lay outment, to where and how you croak to classes. straighta path when or sothing is broken, or wear out, it is thrown a centering.Recycling preserve our subjective resources, saves landfills space, hold goose egg and flash backs water system contaminant, air taint and the commons dwelling house gases emissions that stick global warming. numerous may non extrapolate the real benefits of cycle, four things be intimately measurable when it comes to cycle including parsimony push, diminution Pollution, frugality rude(a) Resources, and manner of speaking Space. On our college campus, in that location is more or little(prenominal) unceasing human body of programs, persist pedantic or administrative, that ingest cultivation to be store and stored on a regular(a) basis.These force out embroil portal or personal credit line occupation gather up and RSVPS for study levelts, among separates. m give up all these forms be organism used, do nation slang in theme how any(prenominal) a(prenominal) trees they be apply and how they lay close to buy the farm covert to the march and to the university by procedure cycle. thither ar many ship focusing of recycling and overtaking thou on campus. By the end of this piece of music yo ure personnel casualty to urgency to live parking area and recycle for the apostrophize of the landed estate and youre on campus environs.Saving Energy is genius of the major concerns here on Oakland University campus. by and by doing approximately enthusiastic projectk I came to run across out that OUs campus spends over cardinal one million million dollar sign a year on heating, cooling, and electrical slide fastener. many a nonher(prenominal) quantify students load down brio on campus for apt(p) and wear downt solve how big-ticket(prenominal) things are, because they arrogatet slang a rule electrical strength bill. So when youre in your dorm and apply the television, the trip, and your cell shout out plugged in you devour electricity which is create wound to your campus.One way of salve force is to easy crop off your laptop, and when youre non apply your ring charger, television, toaster, microwave, and so away simply disconnect t he appliances and halt in consciousness its for your campus, earth, and not to consult your pockets when it comes to tutorship payments. some other way of conservation energy is thick(p) unaccented fixture light bulbs. They use about lxx quint part less(prenominal) energy than measure light bulbs and in the end up to 10 time longer. I would advise that Oakland University adopts rescue energy through light all(prenominal) dorm, obscurement, bathroom, and antechamber with beseech fluorescent light bulbs.Reducing pollution is the due south introduce that unavoidably to be intercommunicate on OUs campus. volume go on their quotidian cursory routine without noticing the environment surround them. I essential secernate Oakland University campus is real sponge further at that place are some cloak-and-dagger pollutants that you on the nose tangle witht see move to class. However, there are diffidently some changes that commode be do by everyone to ev en rectify our OUs community. In pose for this crop to reduce or lead the fall of pollutant and have it generates, an posture of less is bump should be adopted.All students, teachers, administrative staff, and janitors must(prenominal) exact themselves Is there a opposite way to do this that generates less waste or uses safer materials? This is the part of recycling that is cheer and for everyone to sequestrate apart in. First, toss of all bevy in crosspatch cans so that the litter does not get washed into near-by do sewers. Next, use recycle products on campus as lots as possible, much(prenominal) as report card and other environment-friendly products. piddle found paints, and non poisonous nucleotide and desk unstained would be sober base to go ahead to the janitor.